The Dialectic of Traditionalism and Modernity: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Literature Review of the Transformation of Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia

Khoirillina; Junaidi; Zainal Hakim

doi:10.37348/cendekia.v12i1.950

Authors

Khoirillina STAI Darul Hikmah, Bangkalan
Junaidi STAI Darul Hikmah, Bangkalan
Zainal Hakim STAI Darul Hikmah, Bangkalan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37348/cendekia.v12i1.950

Keywords:

Islamic Boarding School Modernization, Integrative Curriculum, Salafiyah Resilience, Digital Management, Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

Abstract

The existence of Islamic boarding schools as the oldest Islamic educational institution in Indonesia is now at a crucial point in responding to technological disruption and civilization transition towards the Society 5.0 era. This research aims to synthesize development trends, curriculum adaptation patterns, and management transformation in the process of modernizing Islamic boarding schools through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Referring to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol, this study analyzed 17 selected documents consisting of accredited journal articles, theses, and research reports from the time range of 2016 to 2025. Data analysis was carried out through thematic synthesis techniques to answer five main research questions related to publication trends, methodology, curriculum integration, identity resilience, and digital governance. The results of the study revealed three fundamental findings: (1) There was a surge in publications in the 2024–2025 period focusing on digital religious moderation and adaptive leadership; (2) The curriculum modernization strategy is carried out through the revitalization of the learning of the yellow book with 21st century competence without reducing the value of tafaqquh fiddien; and (3) Salaf Islamic Boarding Schools (Lirboyo and Ar-Raudloh case studies) show a pattern of survival through socio-intellectual reproduction, while modern Islamic boarding schools (Gontor and Nurul Jadid case studies) accelerate through integrated application systems such as Pedatren. This study concludes that the modernization of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia is not a form of secularization, but a creative re-adaptation that strengthens the position of Islamic boarding schools as resilient educational institutions. These findings provide strategic implications for policymakers in designing Islamic education models based on harmony between tradition and technology.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amrullah. (2025). The Role of Islamic Boarding Schools in Counteracting Digital Radicalism: A Study of Students in the Social Media Era. Modeling: Journal of PGMI Study Program, 12(2), 184–185.

Arifah Nur Salsabila Nasywa Kynda Sanina. (2024). Synergy of Tradition and Innovation: Modern Approaches and the Utilization of Technology in the Learning System at Pondok Modern Gontor. Shibghoh: Proceedings of Educational Science UNIDA Gontor, 1(3), 1–21.

Arpannuddin, I. (2016). Implementation of Ukhuwah Values. Implementation of Social Values of Ukhuwah Islamiyah in Islamic Boarding Schools, 16(1), 1–21.

Azyumardi Azra. (2019). Revitalization of National Insight Through Multicultural Education. Ledalero Journal, 18, 2.

Baharun, H., Tohet, M., Juhji, J., Wibowo, A., & ... (2021). MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION IN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS: A Study on the Utilization of Pedatren Application Systems in Improving the Quality of Boarding School Services .... ... Islamic Education. https://www.syekhnurjati.ac.id/jurnal /index.php/tarbawi/article/view/7692

Bashori, B. (2017). Modernization of Islamic boarding school educational institutions. Journal of Social Sciences Mamangan. http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=3212511&val=28289&title=Modernisasi Islamic Boarding School Education Institution

Elhadi, M., Msherghi, A., Alkeelani, M., Zorgani, A., Zaid, A., Alsuyihili, A., Buzreg, A., Ahmed, H., Elhadi, A., Khaled, A., Boughididah, T., Khel, S., Abdelkabir, M., Gaffaz, R., Bahroun, S., Alhashimi, A., Biala, M., Abulmida, S., Elharb, A., … Amshai, A. (2020). Assessment of healthcare workers’ levels of preparedness and awareness regarding Covid-19 infection in low-resource settings. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(2), 828–833. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0330

Fauzi, A., & Masrupah, S. (2024). The Effect of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) Type Cooperative Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes. Ngaos: Journal of Education and Learning, 2(1), 10–20. https://doi.org/10.59373/ngaos.v2i1.7

Halil, H. (2025). Innovation and Identity: Transformational Leadership as the Key to Pesantren Adaptation in the Era of Globalization. Ulumuna: Jurnal Studi Keislaman. https://ejournal.iaimu.org/index.php/ulumuna/article/view/81

Haris, M. A. (2023). The Urgency of Digitizing Islamic Boarding School Education in the Society 5.0 Era (Opportunities and Challenges at Al-Amin Indramayu Islamic Boarding School). ... : Journal of Islamic Education Management. https://jurnal.staialhidayahbogor.ac.id/index.php/jim/article/view/3616

Harmathilda, H., Yuli, Y., Hakim, A. R., Damayanti, D., & ... (2024). The Transformation of Islamic Boarding School Education in the Modern Era: Between Tradition and Innovation. …. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e240/9cef9b101b9d0cbc86fb3c7cc24bf64c9386.pdf

Hasibuan, R. M. (2013). The Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School Education System in the Modern Era (The Struggle between Traditionalism and Modernization in the Islamic Boarding School Education System .... repository.uin-suska.ac.id. http://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/2538/

Hosen, N. (2020). Hudud and corruption: A critical analysis of proposals to cut off the hands of the corrupt in Indonesia. Crime and Punishment in Indonesia. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429455247-23/hudud-corruption-nadirsyah-hosen

Huda, I. A. (2020). The development of information and communication technology (ICT) on the quality of learning in elementary schools. Journal of Education and Counseling (JPDK), 2(1), 121–125. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v1i2.622

Courtesy of you. (2015). Religious Moderation Education Model Madrasah Pesantren. In IAIN Kudus Press (Vol. 16, Issue 2).

Khairani, M., Ali, H., & Rosadi, K. I. (2021). Analysis of the Formulation of Law Number 18 of 2019 concerning Islamic Boarding Schools as Political Products and Islamic Education Policies. Journal of Applied Management Science. https://www.academia.edu/download/94037534/468.pdf

Lutfiyah, R., Septriani, C. S. P., & ... (2025). Pesantren Management in Improving the Quality of Islamic Education in the Modern Era. MUDABBIR .... http://jurnal.permapendis-sumut.org/index.php/mudabbir/article/view/1328

Mukaromah, N. (2025). Transformation of the Islamic Boarding School Curriculum in the Digital Era Islamic Religious Education Study Program, State Islamic University, Prof. K. H . Saifuddin Zuhri. https://repository.uinsaizu.ac.id/32433/1/tesis full.pdf

Nabila, N., Husni, M., & Malang, U. A. (2025). Strengthening Islamic Literacy of Students in Islamic Boarding Schools. 3(6).

Noviyanti, S. F., Haris, A., & Romzi, M. (2025). RECONSTRUCTION OF PESANTREN MANAGEMENT. Journal of Islamic Boarding School Studies. https://ejournal.alqolam.ac.id/index.php/studipesantren/article/view/1608

Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Bmj, 372. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71

Pradipta, F. T. D., Azaki, R., & Zulkarnain, T. (2025). The Role of Islamic Boarding Schools in the Formation of Islamic Political Awareness in Indonesia. Islamic Politics. https://ejournal2.uinmybatusangkar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/polis/article/view/15459

Rachma, S. R., & Mulyana, R. (2025). Modernization of the Governance of the Learning Curriculum in Islamic Educational Institutions. IQRO: Journal of Islamic .... http://ejournal.iainpalopo.ac.id/index.php/iqro/article/view/9120

Rahman, A. (2019). The Dynamics of the Salaf Education Tradition of the Lirboyo Kediri Islamic Boarding School in the Midst of the Modernization Current. Journal of Islamic Education. https://ejournal.uiidalwa.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/view/232

Samsun Baharun, M. N. A., Mohamad, N., Wan Abd Rahman, A., & Ramli, Z. (2021). Investigating Mastery Level of Arabic Academic Vocabulary (AAV): A Study Among Malaysian Public Universities. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v10-i1/8547

Saputro, A. (2025). International Jurnal Islamic Education , TECHNOLOGY IN STRENGTHENING ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN PESANTREN : A STUDY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION. 7(2), 803–828.

Sari, W. Permata, & Fanani, Z. (2025). COUNTERACTING DIGITAL RADICALISM IN GENERATION Z Winda. Pendas : Scientific Journal of Basic Education, 5(2), 344–350.

Shofwani, W., Arifudin, I., Gloria, R. Y., & ... (2025). Transforming educational management in Islamic boarding schools: A historical and digital perspective. JP (Jurnal Pendidikan) …. https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jp/article/view/46027

Siregar, M. A. H., & Tumiran, T. (2025). The Relevance of the Tahfidz Program in Shaping Students Qur’anic Morality in the Era of Modernization at Islamic Boarding Schools. Al-Fikru: Scientific Journal. http://www.jurnal.staiserdanglubukpakam.ac.id/index.php/alfikru/article/view/737

Sofi, M. J., Manaf, S., & Ali, J. (2025). PESANTREN IN DYNAMIC TRANSFORMATION: Harmonizing Classical Roots and Modern Practices. MIQOT: Journal of Sciences .... http://jurnalmiqotojs.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/jurnalmiqot/article/view/1459

Suhartini, A., Hidayat, Y., & Basri, H. (2024). Curriculum and Learning System Adapted at the Khalaf Islamic Boarding Schools: An Educational Perspective. … Journal Corner of …. https://journal.jcopublishing.com/index.php/ijcer/article/view/398

Sumiati, A. (2009). Learning Methods.

Syafei, M., Tambunan, A., Qodratulloh, W., Zam'an;, P., Kosasih, A., Mubarok, ; E S, Mokh, ;, Firmansyah, I., Cucu, ;, Lukman, S. ;, Wawan, H. ;, Agus, H. ;, Satrio, F. ;, Nurhayati, S. ;, Heri, R., Sahroni, S. ;, Nurudin, A., Muhammad, N., Trisolvena, W., ... Muhammad, K. (2024). Educational Innovation in Multi Perspectives. In Chapter. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377950934_Book_Chapter_-_Pendidikan_Inovatif

Syarifah, Z. I., Syarif, F., & ... (2025). Culturally-Based Islamic Religious Education: Controversies, Changes, and Trends Toward Achieving the SDGs in the Modern Era. Profetika: Jurnal Studi …. https://journals2.ums.ac.id/profetika/article/view/12044

Taufikin, T., Nurhayati, S., Muzakki, A., & Adeoye, M. A. (2025). Navigating Modern Challenges in Islamic Religious Education in Urban Muslim Communities. Academics: Journal of Islamic Thought, 30(1), 91–116. https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v30i1.10396

udi, A. T. M. (2024). The Evolution of Pesantren Education: Continuity and Change in Curriculum and Management amid Modernization. Journal of Pesantren and Diniyah Studies. https://ejournal.lppdjatim.org/index.php/jpds/article/view/23

Wahyudi, W. (2023). Management of Islamic Boarding Schools as a Pillar of Sustainable Islamic Education. JURSIMA. https://www.ojsiibn1.indobarunasional.ac.id/index.php/jursima/article/view/1008

Warisno, A., Anshori, A., Hidayah, N., & ... (2025). Transformative Islamic education management in madrasah and pesantren integrating tradition and digital innovation. Journal of Cultural Analysis …. http://jcasc.com/index.php/jcasc/article/view/1596

Zuhriyyah Hidayati, & Muhammad Fuat Humam. (2021). THE EXISTENCE OF SALAF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS IN THE MIDST OF MODERNIZATION (The Role of the Putra Ar-Raudloh Kebonsari Islamic Boarding School, Sukodadi District, Lamongan Regency). Captivity: Journal of Religious and Social Research, 5(2), 209–233.