Praktik Hutang Piutang Petani Singkong Disertai Kewajiban Kepada Tengkulak Dan Alternatif Qard Al-Hasan: Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Abstract

This study examines the practice of cassava farmers’ debt arrangements accompanied by obligations to middlemen in Bumi Ratu Nuban District, Central Lampung, and analyzes them from the perspective of Islamic economic law while exploring qard al-hasan as an alternative financing model. The main problem concerns whether the obligation to sell harvests to middlemen as a condition of debt is consistent with the principles of qard, particularly the prohibition of riba, gharar, and injustice. The research aims to analyze the conformity of such practices with sharia principles and to assess the potential implementation of qard al-hasan as a fairer financing alternative. This field research employs normative juridical and conceptual approaches. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, while secondary data were obtained from classical and contemporary fiqh literature, DSN-MUI fatwas, regulations, and academic sources. The findings indicate that debt practices tied to mandatory harvest sales create structural dependency and provide indirect benefits to lenders through price control, which potentially contradicts sharia principles of justice and prohibition of conditional benefit in qard. The study concludes that implementing qard al-hasan through Islamic microfinance institutions or social funds offers a more equitable, transparent, and sustainable financing solution for empowering cassava farmers.